Most often, an inert gas is fed into the biomass hopper unit to ensure that no oxygen enters with the biomass. Pyrolysis reactor an overview sciencedirect topics. Selective pyrolysis of lignocellulosic materials and novel. Commercial application of pyrolysis technology in agriculture. A fixed bed pyrolysis system has been designed and fabricated for obtaining liquid fuel from biomass solid wastes. Design, fabrication and performance study of a biomass. The principal features of the reactor are the following. Regulate the fan by opening the fans menu in the process control and adjusting its nominal volumetric flow such that the pressure in the reactor is 38 mbar above ambient pressure. Additionally, this book elucidates and illustrates further innovative pyrolysis processes such as catalytic pyrolysis, spray pyrolysis, and microwaveassisted pyrolysis.
Many fast pyrolysis reactors exist but the most suitable reactor has not been identified 2. Howard, among several as well as publications in design of reactors that may assist you. The design features two intermeshing augers that mix biomass with a heated bulk solid material that serves as a heat transfer medium. Fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass utilizing auger reactors is of great interest because of its rapid heat and mass transfer. Pyrolysis in auger reactors for biochar and biooil. A new 2 kgh auger pyrolysis reactor is now operational and we are upgrading the initial design with a system to continuously remove and cool down the charcoal produced. The hot sand loop is maintained pneumatically or mechanically. This reactor is able to pyrolyze 360 lbs of biomass per day to produce 72 liters per day of biooil. Design of pyrolysis reactor for production of biooil and biochar simultaneously andi aladin, ratna surya alwi, and t akdir syarif citation. This conversion method decomposes lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of heat to produce a mixture of organic vapors, biochar and combustible gas.
Pyrolysis of pine for biooil production using an auger reactor. Pyrolysis of polyethylene pe, polypropylene pp, and polystyrene ps has been investigated both theoretically and experimentally in a labscale pyrolysis reactor. The dried biomass is first added to the hopper from where it is fed with a volumetric feeder into the auger reactor at a feeding rate between 1 to 40 gmin. University of georgia auger reactor schematic 35 figure 20.
How to calculate reactor chamber and combustion chamber. In pyrolysis, biomass is heated to moderate temperatures, 400600oc, in the absence of stoichiometric oxygen to produce oil that can be used as a feed stock in existing petroleum refineries. Flush the pyrolysis test rig with 500 l hr1 of nitrogen during standby. Development of a labscale auger reactor for biomass fast. Pyrolysis of rice husk and corn stalk in auger reactor. After extensive characterization of the whole biooils and their pyrolytic ligninrich ethyl acetate fractions by gas chromatographymass spectrometry gcms, gel permeation chromatography gpc, calorific values, viscosity dependences on. The reactor design is adopted from the lurgiruhrgas twin screw mixer reactor that was developed decades ago for oil shale, tar sand and refinery vacuum residues lr coking. Auger reactors for pyrolysis of biomass and wastes. Auger pyrolysis reactor biological systems engineering. This is a slow pyrolysis reactor with heat transfer rate very low. The mechanical forces associated with auger reactors enhance particle mixing and heat transfer, which are key to successful pyrolysis. This book discusses the production of semiconductors and nanomaterials through. The material supplied for processing is fed to the feeding screw from where it is transported to the first reactor, where drying process is conducted. Cfd analysis of fast pyrolysis process in a pilotscale.
Fast pyrolysis of biomass residues in a twinscrew mixing. This book provides useful information about pyrolysis, which includes the pyrolysis of biomass and pyrolysis of fossil fuels and petrochemicals. Auger pyrolyzers are of relatively simple design and overcome some of the problems of conveying heat for pyrolyzing biomass or wastes. Pyrolysis reactors are mostly modelled in laboratory equipment or in pilot plant for the time being in order to aid understanding of the principal factors controlling the processes and for finding the optimal parameters to obtain recycled products of required quality and quantity at the same time. This work reports the problems faced with the twin screw reactor, troubleshooting which will result in biooil, one of the main products of fast pyrolysis. In an auger reactor, biomass particles and steel shots, serving as heat carriers, are packed inside the reactor.
We have expanded our research to understand the impact of pretreatment conditions on biomass structure and its effect on the yields of sugars obtained by pyrolysis using pygc. There are good books in design of burners charles baukal, reactors p. Schematic of the nrel vortex reactor fast pyrolysis reactor design 11 figure 4. Pyrolysis of pine for biooil production using an auger. Molecular beam mass spectrometer scans of pyrolysis product profile at different. Temperatures between 350 c and 450 c have been applied to characterize the yields and reactor problem has been identified.
Auger reactor this project aims to explore a viable alternative to fluidized bed reactors for biooil production via the thermochemical process fast pyrolysis. Pdf design of pyrolysis reactor for production of bio. This paper attempts to discuss the generalized design consideration for fixed bed pyrolysis reactor. Largescale pyrolysis oil technical report production. Doing new design fully continuous waste tyre and plastic pyrolysis plant duration. Pyrolysis reactors range from fluidised bed reactor, plasma pyrolysis reactor, freefall reactor, fixed bed reactor, rotating cone reactor, microwave reactor, spouted bed reactor, and auger reactor. The renewed interest in pyrolysis is driven by the potential to convert lignocellulosic materials into biooil and biochar and the use of these intermediates for the production of biofuels, biochemicals, and engineered biochars for environmental services. Pyrolysis is one of the most efficient and environmentally attractive thermochemical processes for conversion of both biomass and wastes to energy products. Among these reactors, bubbling fluidised bed, circulating fluid bed and auger reactors are the most attractive technologies and feasible options. Heat carrier mass feed rates as a function of temperature change 42 figure 23.
Coming to design, you have flat head or cone ends and dish ends in reactor design today. Methods for producing biochar and advanced biofuels in. Auger screw pyrolysis reactors feed the biomass through a heated tube during which the biomass is pyrolyzed. Introduction environmental concerns and possible future shortages have. Fuels and valueadded products from pyrolysis oils from. The design is highly complicated and requirement for investment and maintenance is always high thereby making the technology uneconomically suitable. Design, fabrication and testing of waste plastic pyrolysis plant.
Dimensional analysis is a classical tool to evaluate complex processes on a scientific basis and its application to fast pyrolysis is presented herein. Design and operation, authorleena kapoor and aditya mekala and debajyoti bose, journal2016 21st century energy needs materials, systems and applications ictfcen, year2016, pages16. Difference in pyrolysis reactor design and what you should look for. Chopped biomass is mixed with hot sand in the doublescrew reactor and decomposed to vapors and char. A labscale biomass fast pyrolysis system was designed and constructed based on an auger reactor concept. Pyrolysis auger reactors exist as one of the most attractive designs developed today garciaperez et al. Characteristics of biooils produced by an intermediate. Design, fabrication and testing of waste plastic pyrolysis. In the series study, rice husk and corn stalk have been pyrolyzed in an auger pyrolysis reactor at various pyrolysis temperatures of 350, 400, 450, 500, 550 and 600 c in order to investigate the. A novel auger pyrolysis reactor design was developed and incorporated into a laboratory scale reactor that has been successfully operated for 2 years. Activate the whole pyrolysis and condensation system by starting the auxiliary n 2 supply and the pyrolysis gas fan. Reactors like the bubbling fluid bed and circulating fluid bed require large amounts of carrier gas to mix a heat carrier with biomass while the spinning disk, rotating cone and auger reactors have many hot moving parts. The rotating cone reactor has many similarities except that the sand and biomass transport is effected by centrifugal forces operating in a rotating cone.